Glossary

A set of rules used by LAN hardwarei to direct traffic on the network.It determines which hosti or device uses the LAN next

Wireless LAN transmitter/receiver that acts as a connection between wireless clients and wired networks

A software program that once installed, automatically displays advertising material on a computeri

A software program designed to perform a specific task or group of tasks.

American Standard Code for Information Interchange 8 biti code for character representation.Each letter of the alphabet is assigned s numbers from 0-127

A process implemented on a network to verify the identity of a user

Digital signals that are typically expressed as 1 or 0

Basic Input/Output System.Program stored in a ROM chip in the computeri that provides the basic code to control the computer`s hardwarei and to perform diagnostics on it.BIOSi prepares the computer to load the operating system

The smallest unit of data in a computeri.A biti can take the value of either 1 or 0.A bit is the binaryi format in which data is processed by computers.A bit is also known as a binary digit.

Wireless industry standard that uses an unlicensed radio frequency for short-range communication enabling portable devices to communicate over short distances.

bits per second.A unit of measure used to express data transfer rate of bits.

Integrated circuits on a motherboard that enable the CPUi to communicate and interact with the other components of the computeri

command line interface.User interface to a computeri operating system or applicationi

Electrical machine that can execute a list of instructions and perform calculations based on those instructions.

(Central Processing Unit).Interprets and processes software instructions and data.It is located on the motherboard.The CPU is a chip contained on a single integrated circuit called the microprocessor.It is made up of two basic parts, a control unit and an Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU).

Organized collection of data that can be easily accessed, managed , indexed,searched, and updated.

The route taken so that a computer on one segment can communicate with a computer on another segment.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol requests and assigns an IP address,default gateway, and DNS server address to a network host.

Demilitarized zone.Describes the area in a network design that is located between the internal and external network.

Domain Name System.System that provides a way to map friendly hosti names,or urls,to IP addresses.

The application of a specific algorithm to data so as too alter the appearance of the data making it incomprehensible to those who are not authorized to see the information.

File allocation table.A table of records that the operation system uses to store information about the location of every directory, subdirectory, and file on the hard drive.FAT is stored in track 0 on the hard disk.

The transmission of light pulses containing data along glass or plastic wire or fiber. Optical fiber carries more information than conventional copper wire and is less susceptible to electromagnetic interference.

A device or application installed on a network to protect it from unauthorized users and malicious attacks.

Software embedded in a hardware device typically provided on flash ROMs or as a binary image file that can be uploaded onto existing hardware by a user.

File Transfer Protocol.Application protocol that is part of the TCP/IP protocol stack, used for transferring files between network devices.

gigahertz .Common measurement of a processor equal to one billion cycles per second.

graphical user interface. User friendly interface that uses graphical images and widgets, along with text, to indicate the information and actions available to a user when interacting with a computer.

Primary storage medium on a computer.

Physical electronic components that make up a computer system.

A device that directly participates in network communication. A host can use network resources that are available and provide network resources to other hosts on the network.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol. A method used to transfer or convey information on the World Wide Web